SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549


                                  SCHEDULE 13D
                    Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



                               Ashland Coal, Inc.
        -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                (Name of Issuer)


                     Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
       -----------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Title of Class of Securities)


                                   043906 10 6
       -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (CUSIP Number)


                                 Jeffry N. Quinn
                            Arch Mineral Corporation
                                  CityPlace One
                         St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
        -----------------------------------------------------------------
                       (Name, Address and Telephone Number
                         of Person Authorized to Receive
                           Notices and Communications)


                                  April 4, 1997
       -----------------------------------------------------------------
                          (Date of Event Which Requires
                            Filing of This Statement)


If the filing person has previously  filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report
the  acquisition  which is the subject of this  Schedule 13D, and is filing this
schedule because of Rule 13d-1(b)(3) or (4), check the following box [ ].

           NOTE: Six copies of this statement, including all exhibits,
        should be filed with the Commission. See Rule 13d-1(a) for other
                     parties to whom copies are to be sent.

                             (Page 1 of 10 Pages)



                                  SCHEDULE 13D
                                  ------------
CUSIP No. 043906 10 6

1)    NAME OF REPORTING PERSON               Arch Mineral Corporation
                                             ------------------------
      S.S. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION
      NO. OF ABOVE PERSON                    43-0921172
                                             -------------------------

2)    CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP*
                                                                     (a)   [   ]
                                                                     (b)   [   ]

3)    SEC USE ONLY

4)    SOURCE OF FUNDS                                 OO (see Item 3)
                                                      ---------------
5)    CHECK BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS IS REQUIRED
      PURSUANT TO ITEM 2(d) or 2(e)                                        [   ]

6)    CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION            Delaware
                                                      --------
NUMBER OF SHARES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY
EACH REPORTING PERSON WITH:

      7)    SOLE VOTING POWER                     0
                                              ---------

      8)    SHARED VOTING POWER               10,281,586  (See Item 5)
                                              ------------------------

      9)    SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER                0
                                               ---------

      10)   SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER          10,281,586  (See Item 5)
                                              ------------------------

11)   AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY
     OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON           10,281,586  (See Item 5)
                                              ------------------------

12)   CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT
      IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES*           [     ]

13)   PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY
      AMOUNT IN ROW (11)                      56.8% (See Item 5)
                                              ------------------

14)   TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON                       CO
                                                     --
                              (Page 2 of 10 Pages)



Item 1.     Security and Issuer.

            This  statement on Schedule 13D (the  "Statement")  is filed by Arch
Mineral  Corporation,  a Delaware  corporation (the "Company").  The name of the
issuer is Ashland Coal, Inc., a Delaware corporation  ("Ashland Coal").  Ashland
Coal's  principal  executive  offices  are  located at 2205 Fifth  Street  Road,
Huntington, West Virginia 25771. This Statement relates to the Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share, of Ashland Coal ("Ashland Coal Common Stock").


Item 2.     Identity and Background.

            The  Company's   principal  business  is  the  mining,   processing,
marketing and  transporting  of bituminous coal in the domestic steam market and
the address of its  principal  business is CityPlace  One, St.  Louis,  Missouri
63141-7056.

            Annex I attached  hereto and  incorporated  herein by reference sets
forth the  following  information  with respect to each  director and  executive
officer of the Company:  (a) name;  (b) residence or business  address;  and (c)
present principal  occupation or employment and the name, principal business and
address of any  corporation or other  organization  in which such  employment is
conducted. All of the directors and executive officers of the Company are United
States citizens.

            During  the  last  five  years,  neither  the  Company  nor,  to the
knowledge  of the  Company,  any of the  persons  listed  in  Annex  I has  been
convicted in a criminal  proceeding  (excluding  traffic  violations  or similar
misdemeanors).

            During  the  last  five  years,  neither  the  Company  nor,  to the
knowledge of the Company,  any of the persons listed in Annex I has been a party
to a  civil  proceeding  of a  judicial  or  administrative  body  of  competent
jurisdiction  in which a judgment,  decree or final order was entered  enjoining
future violations of, or prohibiting or mandating activities subject to, federal
or state  securities  laws, or in which there was a finding of a violation  with
respect to such laws.

                                 (Page 3 of 10 Pages)



Item 3.     Source and Amount of Funds or Other Consideration.

            This  Statement is being filed in connection  with the Agreement and
Plan of Merger,  dated as of April 4, 1997 (the "Merger  Agreement"),  among the
Company,  AMC Merger  Corporation,  a  Delaware  corporation  and  wholly  owned
subsidiary of the Company  ("Merger  Sub") and Ashland Coal,  pursuant to which,
among other  things,  Ashland Coal will become a wholly owned  subsidiary of the
Company (the "Merger").  A copy of the Merger  Agreement is filed as Exhibit 7.1
to this Statement and specifically incorporated by reference herein.

            In connection  with the execution of the Merger  Agreement,  Ashland
Inc., a stockholder of Ashland Coal, has entered into a Voting  Agreement  dated
as of April 4, 1997 with the Company (the "Voting Agreement"), pursuant to which
Ashland  Inc. has agreed to vote its shares of Ashland Coal Common Stock and its
shares of Class B Preferred  Stock,  par value $100 per share,  of Ashland  Coal
("Ashland  Coal Class B Preferred  Stock") for the  approval and adoption of the
Merger  Agreement  and in favor of the Merger and to grant to the Company,  upon
the Company's request, its irrevocable proxy to vote such shares in such manner.
A copy of the Voting  Agreement  is filed as Exhibit 7.2 to this  Statement  and
specifically incorporated by reference herein.


            Pursuant to the Voting  Agreement,  the  consideration  given by the
Company  in  connection  with the  execution  and  performance  thereof  was its
agreement to enter into the Merger  Agreement and to incur the  obligations  set
forth therein.

Item 4.     Purpose of Transaction.

            Pursuant to the Merger Agreement,  at the Effective Time (as defined
in the Merger  Agreement),  Merger Sub will merge with and into Ashland Coal and
Ashland Coal will become a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.  By virtue of
the  Merger,  each  outstanding  share of  Ashland  Coal  Common  Stock  will be
converted  into the  right to  receive  one  share  of the  Common  Stock of the
Company,  par value $.01 per share ("Company Common Stock") and each outstanding
share of the Class B Preferred Stock and Class C Preferred Stock, par value $100
per share,  of Ashland Coal ("Class C Preferred  Stock") will be converted  into
the right to receive 20,500 shares of Company Common Stock.

            Prior to  consummation  of the Merger,  the  Company  will amend its
Certificate of Incorporation  and Bylaws to read as set forth in Annexes A and B
to the Merger  Agreement.  The current  Company  Board of Directors  will remain
members  of the  Company's  Board of  Directors  following  consummation  of the
Merger. The names of the directors of the Company following  consummation of the
Merger are listed in Annex C to the Merger Agreement.

                              (Page 4 of 10 Pages)



            In connection with the proposed  Merger,  the Company plans to enter
into a Voting Agreement with Carboex International, Ltd., a Bahamian corporation
("Carboex")  and a stockholder  of Ashland Coal,  whereby  Carboex will agree to
vote its shares of Class C Preferred Stock, for the approval and adoption of the
Merger  Agreement  and in favor of the Merger and to grant to the Company,  upon
the Company's request, its irrevocable proxy to vote such shares in such manner.

Item 5.     Interest in Securities of the Issuer.

            By virtue of the Voting  Agreement,  pursuant to which  Ashland Inc.
has agreed with the Company that it will vote,  or grant to the Company,  at the
Company's  request,  a proxy with  respect to  7,529,686  shares of Ashland Coal
Common  Stock and 150 shares of Ashland  Coal Class B  Preferred  Stock owned by
Ashland  Inc.,  the  Company  may be  deemed to have  shared  power to vote such
shares.  Included  within the  10,281,586  shares of Ashland  Coal Common  Stock
reported as beneficially  owned by the Company are the 7,529,686 shares reported
above and an additional 2,751,900 shares of Ashland Coal Common Stock that would
be issuable upon the  conversion of 150 shares of Ashland Coal Class B Preferred
Stock.  Each share of Ashland Coal Class B Preferred Stock and Class C Preferred
Stock,  par value  $100 per  share,  of  Ashland  Coal  ("Ashland  Coal  Class C
Preferred Stock") is convertible into 18,346 shares of Ashland Coal Common Stock
and the holder thereof is entitled to cast 18,346 votes on matters  submitted to
a vote of Ashland Coal stockholders.

            By virtue of the Voting  Agreement,  pursuant to which  Ashland Inc.
has agreed with the Company that it will not dispose of such shares, the Company
may be deemed to have  shared  power to  dispose  of such  shares.  Such  shares
represent  approximately  56.8% of the  combined  voting  power of Ashland  Coal
Common Stock outstanding on April 4, 1997.

            Neither the  Company nor any of the persons  listed in Item 2 hereof
has effected any  transactions  relating to Ashland Coal Common Stock or Class B
Preferred Stock within the past 60 days.  Except as has been reported in filings
made by Ashland Inc. under Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, no person other than Ashland Inc. is known to have the right to receive
or the power to direct the dividends from, or the proceeds from the sale of, the
shares described in the preceding paragraph.

Item 6.    Contracts,  Arrangements,  Understandings   or   Relationships   With
Respect to Securities of the Issuer.

            Other than as set forth in this  Statement,  neither the Company nor
any of the  persons  named in Item 2  hereof  has any  contracts,  arrangements,
understandings  or  relationships  (legal

                              (Page 5 of 10 Pages)



or otherwise) with respect to any securities of Ashland Coal,  including but not
limited to transfer or voting of any of the  securities,  finder's  fees,  joint
ventures,  loan or option  arrangements,  puts or calls,  guarantees of profits,
division of profits or loss, or the giving or withholding of proxies.

Item 7.     Material To Be Filed As Exhibits.

            The following are filed as exhibits to this Statement:

            7.1  Agreement  and Plan of Merger,  dated as of April 4, 1997 among
Arch  Mineral  Corporation,  AMC  Merger  Corporation  and  Ashland  Coal,  Inc.
(Incorporated  by  reference  to Exhibit  99.2 to Current  Report on Form 8-K of
Ashland Coal, Inc. dated April 4, 1997.)

            7.2  Voting Agreement, dated  as  of  April  4, 1997, by and between
Arch Mineral Corporation and Ashland Inc. (Filed herewith.)

                              (Page 6 of 10 Pages)



                                    SIGNATURE

      After  reasonable  inquiry and to the best of my knowledge  and belief,  I
certify that the information  set forth in this statement is true,  complete and
correct.


                                    ARCH MINERAL CORPORATION



                                    By:  /s/ Jeffry N. Quinn
                                         ------------------------------
                                          Signature


                                          Jeffry N. Quinn
                                          Senior Vice President,
                                          Secretary and General Counsel
                                          ------------------------------
                                          Name and Title


Date: April 14, 1997

                              (Page 7 of 10 Pages)




                                     ANNEX I

                       DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
                            ARCH MINERAL CORPORATION


NAME AND PRESENT PRINCIPAL           ADDRESS AND PRINCIPAL BUSINESS 
OCCUPATION                           OF ORGANIZATION IN WHICH EMPLOYED


Ronald Eugene Samples,               Arch Mineral Corporation
Chairman of the Board                CityPlace One
of Directors                         St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
                                     Bituminous Coal Mining

Steven F. Leer,                      Arch Mineral Corporation
President and Chief                  CityPlace One
Executive Officer and                St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
Director                             Bituminous Coal Mining

James R. Boyd,                       Ashland Inc.
Senior Vice President and            1000 Ashland Drive
Group Operating Officer              Russell, Kentucky 41169
                                     Energy and Chemical Company

James L. Parker,                     Hunt Petroleum
President                            5000 Thanksgiving Tower
                                     Dallas, Texas  75201
                                     Oil & Gas Exploration & Production

Douglas H. Hunt,                     Petro-Hunt Corporation
Director of Acquisitions             5000 Thanksgiving Tower
                                     Dallas, Texas 75201
                                     Oil & Gas Exploration & Production

John R. Hall,                        Ashland Inc.
Retired Chairman of                  500 Diederich Boulevard
the Board and Chief                  Russell, Kentucky 41169
Executive Officer                    Energy and Chemical Company
of Ashland Inc.
                                     
Patrick Kriegshauser,                Arch Mineral Corporation
Senior Vice President and            CityPlace One
Chief Financial Officer/             St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
Treasurer                            Bituminous Coal Mining

Jeffry N. Quinn,                     Arch Mineral Corporation
Senior Vice President--              CityPlace One
Law and Human Resources,             St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
Secretary and General                Bituminous Coal Mining
Counsel

                                 (Page 8 of 10 Pages)




                               ANNEX I (continued)

                       DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
                            ARCH MINERAL CORPORATION


NAME AND PRESENT PRINCIPAL           ADDRESS AND PRINCIPAL BUSINESS 
OCCUPATION                           OF ORGANIZATION IN WHICH EMPLOYED


Steve A. Carter,                     Arch Mineral Corporation
Executive Vice President-            CityPlace One
Marketing                            St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
                                     Bituminous Coal Mining

David B. Peugh,                      Arch Mineral Corporation
Vice President-                      CityPlace One
Business Development                 St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
                                     Bituminous Coal Mining

Robert W. Shanks,                    Arch Mineral Corporation
President-                           CityPlace One
Apogee Coal Company                  St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
                                     Bituminous Coal Mining

Ben H. Daud,                         Arch Mineral Corporation
President-                           CityPlace One
Catenary Coal Holdings, Inc.         St. Louis, Missouri 63141-7056
                                     Bituminous Coal Mining

                              (Page 9 of 10 Pages)




                                  EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
No.             Description                                     
- -------         -----------                                     

7.1            Agreement  and  Plan of  Merger,  dated as of
               April 4, 1997 among Arch Mineral Corporation,
               AMC Merger Corporation and Ashland Coal, Inc.
               (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to
               Current  Report on Form 8-K of Ashland  Coal,
               Inc. dated April 4, 1997.)

7.2            Voting Agreement,  dated as of April 4, 1997,
               by and between Arch Mineral  Corporation  and
               Ashland Inc. (Filed herewith.)




                              (Page 10 of 10 Pages)



                                                                     EXHIBIT 7.2

                                VOTING AGREEMENT
                                ----------------


            THIS  VOTING  AGREEMENT,  dated as of April 4, 1997,  by and between
Arch Mineral  Corporation.,  a Delaware corporation ("AMC"), and the stockholder
identified on the signature page hereof (the "Stockholder");

                                   WITNESSETH:

            WHEREAS, the Stockholder,  as of the date hereof, is the owner of or
has the sole right to vote the number of shares of Common Stock,  par value $.01
per share ("Common  Stock"),  Class B Preferred  Stock, par value $100 per share
("Class B Preferred  Stock") and/or Class C Preferred  Stock, par value $100 per
share  ("Class C Preferred  Stock" and,  together  with Common Stock and Class B
Preferred Stock,  "Capital Stock") of Ashland Coal, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the  "Company"),  set forth below the name of the  Stockholder on the signature
page hereof (the "Shares"); and

            WHEREAS,  in  reliance  upon  the  execution  and  delivery  of this
Agreement,  AMC will enter into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the
date  hereof  (the  "Merger  Agreement"),   with  the  Company  and  AMC  Merger
Corporation which provides,  among other things, that upon the terms and subject
to the conditions  thereof the Company will become a wholly owned  subsidiary of
AMC (the "Merger"); and

            WHEREAS,  to induce AMC to enter into the  Merger  Agreement  and to
incur the obligations  set forth therein,  the Stockholder is entering into this
Agreement  pursuant  to which  the  Stockholder  agrees  to vote in favor of the
Merger, and to make certain agreements with respect to the Shares upon the terms
and conditions set forth herein;

            NOW THEREFORE,  in  consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual
covenants  and  agreements  set forth  herein  and for other  good and  valuable
consideration,  the receipt and  adequacy of which is hereby  acknowledged,  the
parties hereto agree as follows:

            Section 1. VOTING OF SHARES;  PROXY. (a) The Stockholder agrees that
until the earlier of (i) the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement)
or (ii) the date on which the  Merger  Agreement  is  terminated  (the  earliest
thereof being hereinafter referred to as the "Expiration Date"), the Stockholder
shall vote all Shares owned by the  Stockholder  at any meeting of the Company's
stockholders (whether annual or special and whether or not an adjourned meeting)
for  adoption  and  approval  of  the  Merger  Agreement  and  the  transactions
contemplated  thereby,  including  the Merger as such  Merger  Agreement  may be
modified or amended from time to time. Any such vote shall be cast in 



accordance with such procedures relating thereto as shall ensure that it is duly
counted for purposes of determining that a quorum is present and for purposes of
recording the results of such vote or consent.

            (b) At the request of AMC, the  Stockholder,  in  furtherance of the
transactions  contemplated  hereby and by the Merger Agreement,  and in order to
secure the  performance by the  Stockholder of its duties under this  Agreement,
shall promptly  execute,  in accordance with the provisions of Section 212(e) of
the Delaware General  Corporation Law, and deliver to AMC, an irrevocable proxy,
substantially in the form of Annex A hereto, and irrevocably  appoint AMC or its
designees,  with full power of substitution,  its attorney and proxy to vote all
of the Shares  owned by the  Stockholder  in respect of any of the  matters  set
forth in, and in accordance with the provisions of Section 1(a). The Stockholder
acknowledges  that the proxy  executed and delivered by it shall be coupled with
an interest,  shall  constitute,  among other things,  an inducement  for AMC to
enter  into  the  Merger  Agreement,  shall  be  irrevocable  and  shall  not be
terminated by operation of law or upon the occurrence of any event.

            Section 2. COVENANTS OF THE  STOCKHOLDER. The Stockholder covenants 
and agrees for the benefit of AMC that,  until the Expiration  Date, it will:

            (a) not  sell,  transfer,  pledge,  hypothecate,  encumber,  assign,
      tender or otherwise dispose of, or other than as expressly contemplated by
      the Merger Agreement, enter into any contract, option or other arrangement
      or   understanding   with   respect   to  the  sale,   transfer,   pledge,
      hypothecation,  encumbrance,  assignment,  tender or other disposition of,
      any of the Shares owned by it or any interest therein; and

            (b) other than as  expressly  contemplated  by this  Agreement,  not
      grant any powers of  attorney  or proxies or consents in respect of any of
      the  Shares  owned by it,  deposit  any of the  Shares  owned by it into a
      voting  trust,  enter into a voting  agreement  with respect to any of the
      Shares owned by it or otherwise  restrict the ability of the holder of any
      of the  Shares  owned by it freely to  exercise  all  voting  rights  with
      respect thereto.

            Section  3.  COVENANTS  OF AMC.  AMC  covenants  and  agrees for the
benefit  of  the  Stockholder  that  (a)  immediately  upon  execution  of  this
Agreement,  it  shall  enter  into  the  Merger  Agreement,  and (b)  until  the
Expiration  Date, it shall use best efforts to take,  or cause to be taken,  all
action,  and do, or cause to be done, all things necessary or advisable in order
to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and the Merger Agreement,  consistent with the terms and conditions of each such
Agreement;  PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that nothing in this Section 3, Section 12 or any
other  provision of 

                                       2


this  Agreement is intended,  nor shall it be construed,  to limit or in any way
restrict  AMC's right or ability to exercise  any of its rights under the Merger
Agreement.

            Section 4.  REPRESENTATIONS  AND WARRANTIES OF THE STOCKHOLDER.  The
Stockholder represents and warrants to AMC that: (a) the execution, delivery and
performance by the Stockholder of this Agreement will not conflict with, require
a consent,  waiver or approval under, or result in a breach of or default under,
any of the terms of any  contract,  commitment or other  obligation  (written or
oral) to which  the  Stockholder  is  bound;  (b) this  Agreement  has been duly
executed and delivered by the  Stockholder  and  constitutes a legal,  valid and
binding  obligation of the Stockholder,  enforceable  against the Stockholder in
accordance  with its terms;  (c) the Stockholder is the sole owner of or has the
sole right to vote the Shares  and the  Shares  represent  all shares of Capital
Stock which the  Stockholder  is the sole owner of or has the sole right to vote
at the date hereof, and the Stockholder does not have any right to acquire,  nor
is it the  "beneficial  owner" (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3  under the
Securities  Exchange Act of 1934,  as amended) of, any other shares of any class
of  capital  stock  of  the  Company  or  any  securities  convertible  into  or
exchangeable  or exercisable for any shares of any class of capital stock of the
Company;  (d) the Stockholder has full right, power and authority to execute and
deliver this  Agreement and to perform its  obligations  hereunder;  and (e) the
Stockholder  owns the  Shares  free and  clear of all  liens,  claims,  pledges,
charges, proxies, restrictions,  encumbrances, proxies, voting trusts and voting
agreements of any nature whatsoever other than as provided by this Agreement and
other than the Restated  Shareholders  Agreement  among  Ashland  Inc.,  Carboex
International,  Ltd. and the Company dated  December 12, 1991, as amended August
6, 1993. The representations and warranties contained herein shall be made as of
the date  hereof and as of each day from the date hereof  through and  including
the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement).

            Section 5. ADJUSTMENTS;  ADDITIONAL  SHARES. In the event (a) of any
stock dividend,  stock split,  merger (other than the Merger)  recapitalization,
reclassification, conversion, combination, exchange of shares or the like of any
of the Capital  Stock of the Company on, of or affecting  the Shares or (b) that
the Stockholder  shall become the beneficial  owner of any additional  shares of
Capital Stock or other  securities  entitling the holder thereof to vote or give
consent  with  respect to the  matters set forth in Section 1, then the terms of
this Agreement  shall apply to the shares of Capital Stock or other  instruments
or documents held by the Stockholder  immediately following the effectiveness of
the events  described in clause (a) or the  Stockholder  becoming the beneficial
owner thereof as described in clause (b), as though,  in either case,  they were
Shares hereunder.

                                       3



            Section 6. SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE.  The Stockholder  acknowledges that
the  agreements  contained  in  this  Agreement  are  an  integral  part  of the
transactions  contemplated  by the Merger  Agreement,  and that,  without  these
agreements, AMC would not enter into the Merger Agreement, and acknowledges that
damages would be an inadequate  remedy for any breach by it of the provisions of
this  Agreement.  Accordingly,  the  Stockholder  and AMC  each  agree  that the
obligations  of the parties  hereunder  shall be  specifically  enforceable  and
neither  party shall take any action to impede the other from seeking to enforce
such right of specific performance.

            Section 7. NOTICES. All notices, requests, claims, demands and other
communications  hereunder  shall  be  effective  upon  receipt  (or  refusal  of
receipt),  shall be in writing and shall be delivered in person,  by telecopy or
telefacsimile,  by telegram, by next-day courier service, or by mail (registered
or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the Stockholder
at the address  listed on the  signature  page hereof,  and to AMC at Suite 300,
CityPlace One, St. Louis, Missouri 63141, Attention:  Secretary, telecopy number
(314)  994-2734,  or to such other  address or telecopy  number as any party may
have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith.

            Section 8. BINDING EFFECT;  SURVIVAL. Upon execution and delivery of
this  Agreement  by  AMC,  this  Agreement  shall  become  effective  as to  the
Stockholder at the time the  Stockholder  executes and delivers this  Agreement.
This  Agreement  shall inure to the  benefit of and be binding  upon the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns.

            Section 9. GOVERNING  LAW. This  Agreement  shall be governed by and
construed in  accordance  with the laws of the State of Delaware  applicable  to
agreements made and to be performed entirely within such State.

            Section 10.  COUNTERPARTS.  This  Agreement may be executed in two
counterparts,  both of which shall be an original  and both of which  together
shall constitute one and the same agreement.

            Section 11. EFFECT OF HEADINGS.  The  Section headings  herein are
for  convenience  of  reference  only and shall not  affect  the  construction
hereof.

            Section 12. ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS; FURTHER ASSURANCE. Subject to the
terms and conditions  herein provided,  each of the parties hereto agrees to use
all reasonable  efforts to take, or cause to be taken,  all action and to do, or
cause to be done,  all things  necessary,  proper or advisable to consummate and
make effective the transactions  contemplated by this Agreement. The Stockholder
will provide AMC with all documents which may reasonably be requested by AMC and
will take reasonable steps to 



                                       4


enable AMC to obtain fully all rights and benefits provided it hereunder.

            Section  13.  AMENDMENT;  WAIVER.  No  amendment  or  waiver  of any
provision of this Agreement or consent to departure therefrom shall be effective
unless  in  writing  and  signed by AMC and the  Stockholder,  in the case of an
amendment,  or by the party which is the beneficiary of any such  provision,  in
the case of a waiver or a consent to depart therefrom.

            IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  this  Agreement  has been duly executed by the
parties hereto all as of the day and year first above written.



                                          ARCH MINERAL CORPORATION



                                          By:    /s/ Jeffry N. Quinn
                                                 ------------------------
                                          Name:  Jeffry N. Quinn
                                                 ------------------------
                                          Title: Senior Vice President
                                                 ------------------------
Ashland Inc.
- ----------------------
Name of Stockholder


By:   /s/ Thomas L. Feazell
      ---------------------
      Senior Vice President,
      General Counsel and Secretary

Address:    Ashland Inc.
            P.O. Box 391
            Ashland, KY 41114
            ----------------------

Number of Shares:

      7,529,686         (Common Stock)
      ---------

      150               (Class B Preferred Stock)
      ---------

      0                 (Class C Preferred Stock)
      ---------

                                       5











                                                                         ANNEX A

                                 [Form of Proxy]

                                IRREVOCABLE PROXY
                                -----------------


            In order to secure the  performance of the duties of the undersigned
pursuant to the Voting Agreement,  dated as of             , 1997  (the  "Voting
Agreement"),  between the undersigned and Arch Mineral  Corporation,  a Delaware
corporation,  a copy of such agreement being attached hereto and incorporated by
reference herein, the undersigned hereby irrevocably  appoints and , and each of
them, the attorneys, agents and proxies, with full power of substitution in each
of  them,  for  the  undersigned  and  in  the  name,  place  and  stead  of the
undersigned,  in respect of any of the matters set forth in clauses (i) and (ii)
of Section 1 of the Voting Agreement, to vote or, if applicable, to give written
consent,  in accordance  with the provisions of said Section 1 and otherwise act
(consistent  with the terms of the Voting  Agreement) with respect to all shares
of Common Stock,  par value $.01 per share,  Class B Preferred  Stock, par value
$100 per  share,  and Class C  Preferred  Stock,  par value  $100 per share (the
"Shares"),  of Ashland  Coal,  Inc.,  a Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company"),
whether now owned or  hereafter  acquired,  which the  undersigned  is or may be
entitled  to vote at any  meeting of the  Company  held  after the date  hereof,
whether  annual or special  and  whether  or not an  adjourned  meeting,  or, if
applicable,  to give written consent with respect thereto. This Proxy is coupled
with an interest,  shall be irrevocable and binding on any successor in interest
of the  undersigned  and shall not be terminated by operation of law or upon the
occurrence  of any event.  This Proxy shall operate to revoke any prior proxy as
to the Shares heretofore granted by the undersigned.  This Proxy shall terminate
on , 1997. This Proxy has been executed in accordance with Section 212(e) of the
Delaware General Corporation Law.


Dated:
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